Linux | /lib64/libstdc++.so.6 | version `GLIBCXX_3.4.30' not found

/lib64/libstdc++.so.6

The error message /lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version 'GLIBCXX_3.4.30' not found indicates that the program you are trying to run requires a version of the GNU Standard C++ Library (libstdc++) that is newer than the one available on your system or in your current environment. Specifically, it needs GLIBCXX_3.4.30, but the libstdc++.so.6 file being used does not provide this version.

libstdc++.so

libstdc++.so refers to the GNU Standard C++ Library, which is a crucial component for running C++ applications compiled with the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC).

• C++ Standard Library Implementation: libstdc++ is GCC's implementation of the ISO C++ Standard Library. This library provides a massive collection of classes and functions essential for C++ programming.
• Core C++ Features: It contains the compiled code for many parts of the C++ Standard Library, including:
  • The Standard Template Library (STL) components (like std::vector, std::map, std::string, and various algorithms).
  • Input/Output streams (std::cin, std::cout, etc.).
  • C++ exception handling and Run-Time Type Information (RTTI) support.
  • Other core language support functions that are not provided as source code in header files.
• Shared Library: The .so extension stands for Shared Object (a dynamic link library on Linux). This means that a C++ program compiled with GCC doesn't include a copy of the library's code inside its executable. Instead, it relies on the dynamic linker to load the libstdc++.so file from the system at runtime, saving disk space and memory.

Versioning

You will commonly see it with a major version number, like libstdc++.so.6.

• The number (e.g., 6) signifies the ABI (Application Binary Interface) version. A change in this number typically means that programs compiled against an older version of the library might not be able to run with the newer version, and vice-versa, due to fundamental changes in how the code interacts at a binary level.
• Problems often arise when a C++ program requires a specific, newer version of the library (indicated by an internal GLIBCXX_x.y.z version symbol) that is not present on the system, leading to an error like "version GLIBCXX_x.y.z not found."

libstdc++.so.6

• What it is: A symbolic link that acts as a pointer to a specific version of the libstdc++.so library.
• Usage: It provides a stable name that older programs can link against. When the system updates to a newer version of the library (e.g., libstdc++.so.6.0.35), the symbolic link libstdc++.so.6 is updated to point to the new file, ensuring backward compatibility.
• Example: If libstdc++.so.6 is pointing to libstdc++.so.6.0.34, any program that needs libstdc++.so.6 will find and load the libstdc++.so.6.0.34 file.

Check

strings /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6|grep GLIBCXX
# or on the conda env
strings /home/wpsze/micromamba/envs/track-tc/lib/libstdc++.so.6 | grep GLIBCXX

GLIBC_2.2.5
......
GLIBC_2.22
GLIBC_2.23
GLIBC_2.24
GLIBC_2.25
GLIBC_2.26
GLIBC_2.27
GLIBC_2.28

Solutions

• Solution 1. Link to the system's libstdc++.so.6 (if newer)
  1. cd /home/wpsze/micromamba/envs/track-tc/lib/
  2. ln -s libstdc++.so.6.0.34 libstdc++.so.6
• Solution 2. sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade
• Solution 3. conda install -c conda-forge gcc
  1. conda install -c conda-forge libstdcxx-ng